Classification of oil grades
To extend the life of your gasoline or diesel engine, it is important to make the right choice of engine oil. Untimely replacement will shorten the life of the engine. How to choose oil, how much to use and in what quantity to pour into the cultivator - we will tell you about this in detail.
Each mini-tractor or cultivator is supplied with an instruction manual and a product data sheet. In the instructions, the manufacturer lists appropriate types of fuel and lubricants that can extend the life of the device. Engine oil performs the following functions
- compaction;
- cleaning.
- lubricant;
- cooling;
In air-cooled engines, lubricant is deposited on the walls of the hot cylinder. These deposits contaminate engine parts and interfere with lubrication processes. This is why the lubricant contains antioxidant additives. They remove deposits from the cylinder walls and extend the life of the cultivator. Different climate zones require different types of oil. They differ in viscosity, composition and purpose.
By viscosity
Viscosity is determined in accordance with SAE J300 standard. For gearboxes this depends on the following characteristics:
- age of the mechanism;
- ambient temperature
- terms of Use;
- machine design;
Motor oils are divided into winter and summer. Winter grades of oil are designated by the letter W. Low viscosity winter grades are often used, designated by SAE as 0W, 25W and between 20W, 5W, 15W and 10W. Compositions for summer use do not have a letter in their designation. They are characterized by high viscosity and are designated SAE 20, 60, SAE 30 or 40. Using summer varieties in winter causes problems with starting the car. Winter varieties are not suitable for summer lubrication.
Scientists have developed all-season compounds that can be used to refuel an engine in summer and winter. Their designations: 5W-40, 10W30.
By composition
In addition to seasonal properties, lubricants are divided into types based on composition:
- semi-synthetic.
- synthetic;
- mineral;
The air-cooled engine heats up quickly during operation. The engine oil lowers its temperature. Incorrect category will cause engine damage. It is not recommended to use synthetic oil mixed with mineral oil.
By purpose
When it is necessary to replace the lubricant, each manufacturer recommends its own brand. In agricultural machines, Honda uses SF 10W-30 all-season oil. Subaru recommends 10W-30 for use in moderate climates and 5W-30 for cold regions. Oil quality category – SE.
Lifan products require summer grade SAE-30, and for winter conditions - SAE 10W-30. There are no conditions for the quality category. Motor oils The Kaluga engine should be filled with 10W-30 or 15W-30 oil of SF or SH quality.
Changing the cultivator oil
Related Posts
How to change oil
in a cultivator? Not difficult!
Typically, the oil in the engine crankcase is changed every 20 to 5 or 30 hours of operation, especially if the engine is in a mid-power walk-behind tractor and is running under tension. Constant oil changes extend the life of the engine.
The oil change process described in the instructions may not always seem clear to the average user, but in fact there are no particular difficulties in this procedure, although there are some points that it is better not to forget about.
- At first, the walk-behind tractor is installed in a horizontal position. The filler, measuring and drain holes are always located on the left side of the motor. The used oil is connected through a drain hole closed with a conical threaded plug. If it is tightly wrapped, then unscrew it, of course, using a long screwdriver.
- The container for draining must be more than two 2 liters. In terms of capacity, you will like all this in an ordinary canister. The amount of new oil poured into the crankcase is equal to the amount of oil drained. Currently, the best oil recommended by manufacturers of domestic such units is considered to be oil with a viscosity of 10W40, synthetic or mineral.
KEY-DOP
If the required 25-30 hours are accumulated during the season, then the oil change is done at least once a year, even if the volume of these engine hours is not even accumulated, since during this period the oil oxidizes and its characteristics deteriorate. Timely change of walk-behind tractor oil , especially during seasonal work, ensures good and long-term operation of the walk-behind tractor
, and such a replacement does not entail huge expenditures in foreign currency, which can be caused by a breakdown in the engine with poorly lubricated rubbing parts.
It is also recommended, in addition to changing the oil, to install a new spark plug in the engine every time. As indicated in the walk-behind tractor usage table, the oil should be changed after the first 20 hours of operation or the next year, so I decided to change the oil. If you are in doubt, then looking ahead I will say that the oil was black, so it really was worth replacing .
As you know, changing the oil allows the walk-behind tractor to work longer, but what kind of oil to choose for replacement. In fact, the question is not idle. There is mineral oil. Semi-synthetic. Synthetic.
If the car is filled with mineral oil, the engine needs to be flushed. My walk-behind tractor is filled with semi-synthetic oil, so I bought a container of 1 liter of semi-synthetic oil.
What kind of oil to pour into a walk-behind tractor engine
Manufacturers of walk-behind tractors and mini tractors recommend motor oils for both gasoline and diesel engines. The engines are tested at the factory. At this time, lubricants recommended in the manual are used. Some manufacturers recommend their own brand of oil. The Patriot cultivator has the same engine and requires Patriot 5W30 SJ/CF, Patriot Supreme HD SAE 30 4T oil.
For gasoline engines
It is recommended to fill the oil tanks of thread cutters with the following types of fluids:
- SF is a higher quality analogue of the previous oil;
- SH - used in many engine systems.
- SD – works in engines with PVC;
- SE - lubricant for use in engines manufactured since 1980;
- SB – for use under medium mechanical load;
- SC – used in engines without PCV valves;
- SA – for operation at low load;
Category SB has good anti-corrosion properties. These products provide high quality lubrication to cylinder walls and bearings. SF reduces oil deposits in 4-stroke and 2-stroke engines.
For diesel engines
The recommended engine oil increases engine life and reduces diesel fuel consumption of an internal combustion cultivator. The diesel engine operating manual specifies the following categories of lubricants:
- CC – for a non-turbocharged engine operating under increased loads.
- CB – for operation on fuel with high sulfur content;
- CA – for low load operation;
Category CA reduces the amount of carbon deposits in the cylinders, but reduces the quality of the lubricant. Each lubricant is filled to the required volume. Decreasing or increasing this indicator will cause the engine to stop.
Device
The gearbox is a special device included in the design of any walk-behind tractor. It is this part that is responsible for converting and transmitting torque that is generated from mechanical transmissions. In fact, the gearbox powers the walk-behind tractor, making it work.
The service life of the entire walk-behind tractor, as well as its normal functioning, will depend on its quality, as well as on the correct lubrication of its components.
For more details about the gearbox, watch the video:
Depending on the model of the walk-behind tractor, be it Cayman, Patriot Ural, Patriot, Texas, Foreman or some other, the gearboxes may differ from each other in some design features. Conventionally, gearboxes can be divided into several types:
- Angular reducers. Such units are quite effective and allow you to couple the engine and transmission.
- Gear reducers. In this case, the gearbox transmission acts as a kind of intermediary between the engine and the wheelbase of the walk-behind tractor.
- Reduction gearboxes. These units achieve an increase in power indicators by reducing the total number of revolutions. Such gearboxes are most preferable because their design includes an air cooling system, which allows them to operate at maximum loads.
- Reverse gearboxes. The main advantage of such gearboxes is the ability to reverse the walk-behind tractor. However, units equipped with this type of gearbox do not show high performance indicators and speeds.
Regardless of which gearbox is used in the design of the walk-behind tractor, they all consist of almost the same components:
- shaft;
- gear housing;
- flange and its fastening;
- pulley with V-belt drive (or chain);
- ball bearing;
- stars;
- drain plug;
- steel washer and nut;
- input shaft
These components traditionally form the gearbox itself. and service life will depend on how well they are
Gearbox
Otherwise, if there is insufficient lubrication, the parts will wear out greatly, because they come into contact with each other during operation, and the resulting friction negatively affects their surface.
What kind of oil to pour into the walk-behind tractor gearbox
Each tractor is equipped with a gearbox. It also uses gear oil, which needs to be changed regularly. Currently, there are cars that do not require oil changes. To change the oil in the gearbox, use gear oil. This will extend the life of the machine. The transmission of the Neva MB-2 walk-behind tractor requires TEP-15 transmission fluid. Operates in summer at air temperatures from -5˚С. In winter, TM-5 is used, which can withstand temperatures down to -25˚C. Capacity – 2.2 liters.
For the Neva MB-1 block it is necessary to prepare TAD-17I or TAP-15 V. The volume of lubricant is 1 liter. Salyut-5 and Belarus 08N-09N use M-10V2 and M-10G2 in warm weather. In winter - M-8G2. Oka MB-1D1 is filled with transmission fluid TAD-17I or TAP-15V. The gearbox of the Tselina MB mechanical cultivator is refilled at the factory. No lubricant change required. Tarpan is filled with TAD-17I or its analogues. Favorite - with MS-20 or TAD-17I aviation oil.
Vario requires 80W90 oil changes every two years. The best oil for the Patriot Garden unit is 85W90. The recommended oil for the Zubr transmission is TAP-15.
A few words about replacement time. The Favorite transmission requires its first oil change after 25 hours of operation. After this, it should be changed every 250 hours. Changes occur better on a hot engine. Hot exhaust gases are discharged through the drain hole, and fresh exhaust gases are added through the filler hole.
In a Celina unit, the contents of the gearbox are replaced for the first time after 50 hours of operation and then every 200 hours. Ugra and Oka are replenished daily with small amounts. Complete replacement occurs after 100 hours of operation.
What kind of oil is poured?
Many people are interested in what kind of oil to pour into the gearbox of a walk-behind tractor? To answer this question, you need to take into account several factors, the main one of which is the manufacturer's recommendation regarding the type of oil.
You also need to be guided by price, without buying very cheap liquids, because they are unlikely to be of adequate quality.
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In the store you should also pay attention to the degree of viscosity of the oil, which is indicated on the packaging. In addition, there are special additives - substances that increase the beneficial properties of the lubricant.
Gear oil
In general, oils can be of various types:
- SAE. These types of oils cope very well with sudden temperature changes, so they can be used all year round.
- The selection process is as follows: you need to look at the number in front of the letter W - a lower value will indicate that the oil is very well adapted to low temperatures (the smallest is 0W). If the letter W is not on the label, then this oil is suitable for the summer period.
- API. In this case, the letters in the marking will indicate the type of engine - gasoline or diesel. Accordingly, a certain letter will indicate that the oil is suitable for gasoline units, and another – for diesel units.
- The numbers will indicate the type of engine , i.e. number 4 means the oil should be used for a 4-stroke engine, etc. The EC value is the degree of energy conservation, i.e. The higher the value, the better the quality of the oil.
- ASEA. The highest number in the labeling will indicate that the oil can function in very difficult conditions.
- GOST 17479, 1-85 . These indicators characterize the degree of viscosity of the oil. As a rule, alphabetic and numerical values are written after this parameter, and their absence indicates that the oil is universal.
Transmission oils for filling into gasoline and diesel walk-behind tractors
As for the gearbox, transmission oils must be used to fill it. For example, a good choice would be semi-synthetic oil ZIC 10W40, intended for gasoline and diesel walk-behind tractors. API indicator – SM/CF, ACEA – A3/B3, A3/B4, C3.
It is usually sold in 4-liter containers, the cost of which is in the range of 890-950 rubles.
Another decent oil is Super T-3 85W-90 from Gazpromneft. Its technical data will be as follows:
- API indicator – GL-5;
- viscosity degree – 85W90;
- temperature indicator of loss of fluidity – -280C;
- flash point – 2170C;
- package length – 270 mm;
- packaging width – 130 mm;
- packaging height – 240 mm.
This gear oil is also supplied in 4-liter containers, the cost of which is approximately 600 rubles.
Transmission oil
This is not the entire list of oils that can be poured into the gearbox of a walk-behind tractor. In principle, anyone who has become familiar with the basic parameters of the oil can independently determine what is needed for their walk-behind tractor.
See also the article about what kind of oil to pour into a walk-behind tractor.
What kind of oil to fill in Neva walk-behind tractors
The quality of the lubricant in the power unit gradually deteriorates and becomes useless. This process is accompanied by engine wear. To prevent this wear process, it is necessary to replace the correct mixture of lubricants in a timely manner. The instructions indicate the recommended brand and quantity. When purchasing a lubricant, it is necessary to take into account the viscosity grade and quality classification. For the Neva cultivator, you need to purchase oil for the gearbox and engine.
The Neva cultivator is equipped with various engines. They require lubricants of different brands and manufacturers. The engine must be filled with oil of the appropriate viscosity and category. For example, the Neva MB-2 motor-cultivator is equipped with an American Brigs (Bridge) engine, while the MB-23 is produced on the basis of Honda engines.
If a Honda engine was purchased for a site, then SAE 10W-30 can be filled into it in summer and winter. The same universal product is suitable for the Lifan engine. Subaru produces its own lubricants for its cars. In the case of a Subaru engine, you should buy lubricant from the same company. Its brand name is Ow20. It is suitable for both winter and summer engine operation. It is permissible to fill this place with 5w-30 oil from the same manufacturer.
Briggs & Stratton engines should be filled with SAE 10W-30 oil. SAE 5W-30 oil is suitable for winter conditions. Its consumption is higher than in other engines, so the level should be checked more often. If necessary, adjust the lubricant level to the optimum level.
The gearbox is an important part of the engine. For proper operation of the gearbox of the Neva walk-behind tractor, it is necessary to fill it with high-quality oil and change it periodically. These oils include TEP-15 and TM-5. Its capacity is 2.2 liters. The used hot liquid is drained through a special hole, and new liquid is poured into it. These types are suitable for MB-1 units. When replacing the unit, install it in a vertical position and place a container under it to drain the water.
If the machine has just been purchased, it should be replaced first after 30 hours of operation, and then every 180-200 hours.
If the machine is rarely used, it should be replaced at least once every two years. Neva MB-2 must be filled with TAP-15B oil; you can use TAD-17I instead.
Find out when to change your oil. If you just purchased your car, check the oil level. Some tillage machines are sold without lubrication. If necessary, you can add oil and run the car for 20-25 hours. The oil should be changed after 100-250 hours of operation. The time is indicated in the instructions.
How to choose gear oil for a walk-behind tractor
The full functioning of the machine will depend on the correct and timely lubrication of the gear, chain or worm assembly. Transmission oil products used for any type of gearbox meet a number of requirements, one of which is density. The lubricant should not have a too viscous composition, but it must cover all parts with a film.
Reference. In order to choose oil for any type of gearbox and familiarize yourself with the recommendations for replacement intervals, you need to refer to the instructions from the manufacturers of agricultural machinery.
A certain type of lubricant is suitable for each brand of motor cultivator. For example, for MTZ-05 the following types are used: M-8B1, M-8V1, M-8G1; for Belarus 08N-09N, M-10V2 or M-10G2 are used in summer, and M-8G2 in winter. The fluid replacement period will also depend on the brand of special equipment. For the Neva, this is every 100 hours of operation, for the Belorus, 250. On average, when storing the unit, you will need to change the lubricant every 12–24 months.
What kind of oil to pour into the Lifan walk-behind tractor
The correct choice of oil is of great importance for the smooth operation of the engine. In the operating instructions supplied with the crawler drive tractor, the manufacturer always indicates which oil is suitable for the engine.
The Lifan engine requires high-quality oil. Oil suitable for two-stroke engines should not be used for four-stroke engines. It should also not contain additives.
For Lifan engine 6.5 hp. The transmission requires SAE 5W-30 oil. For most models with engines of various power (from 5.5 hp to 13 hp), SAE - 30 year or all year SAE - 10W-30 oil is suitable.
What kind of oil to fill in a MTZ walk-behind tractor with a Honda engine
MTZ scarifiers are high-quality agricultural equipment, combined with the world-famous Honda engine, they have excellent performance characteristics.
Timely checks, including oil level, are necessary for the correct operation of the entire machine. What oil should I use? Belorus 08H-09H with Honda GX 240, 270, 340 and 390 engines can be used with oil of at least SG and SF class. SAE 10W-30 all-season oil is recommended, but a special oil should be selected for specific temperature conditions.
How to change the oil in a walk-behind tractor
Change the oil in the mechanical tiller cylinders when the engine is hot. This applies to both two-stroke and four-stroke engines. The heated waste mixture flows well into the container located underneath. Proceed as follows:
- tighten the vent plug;
- Check the operation of the device.
- Add fresh oil;
- Drain the used oil;
- Remove the vent plug;
Replace the lubricant in the cylinders of various transmission designs in the following order:
- Pour fresh oil into the container;
- Close the fuel tank cap.
- Drain the used oil;
- the plug is screwed in;
- align the gasoline engine block horizontally;
- use a screwdriver to remove the tank cap;
You can drain the oil and refill with fresh oil within 15-20 minutes. If used oil is replaced with a low-quality product, problems will arise that will lead to the need to repair the machine. This applies to both engine lubrication and transmission oil. Lubricants age and need to be changed promptly. The manufacturer's instructions indicate after how many hours the oil can be added to the car. Familiarize yourself with this so that the expensive equipment you purchase can be used for a long time.
Take used grease to a suitable disposal point.
Do you follow the manufacturer's instructions when using engine block oil?
