Proportion of oil and gasoline for the Calm chainsaw: types of oil, choice of gasoline and proper mixing

• March 14, 2019
• Miscellaneous
• Svetlana Pavlova

One of the important indicators of the durability of chainsaws and their high-quality work is the correct observance of the ratios of the constituent liquids when preparing the fuel mixture. It is known that an insufficient amount of oil leads to excessive friction of parts and their rapid wear, and excess oil leads to the appearance of soot and overheating of the engine. This article will discuss the proportions of oil and gasoline for the Calm chainsaw. This is especially important for beginners who have just purchased an instrument.

Chainsaw characteristics

Every chainsaw has three main elements that make it work. These include a 2-pin carburetor engine and two tanks. One is filled with the fuel mixture, and the other is filled with oil necessary to lubricate the chain. The fuel tank capacity is 0.25 liters, which allows you to work without stopping for 45–55 minutes. The volume of oil is approximately two times less. With this volume ratio, the contents of both tanks end almost simultaneously.

When operating 2-stroke engines, an oil pump system is not used, so for the Shtil chainsaw, oil must be added to gasoline to lubricate the shaft, piston and other rubbing parts. Attempts to work on gasoline alone or failure to comply with the proportions specified in the instructions for preparing a fuel and lubricant mixture of two components lead to damage to the tool.

Correct proportions

Most often, when preparing fuel for saw operation, proportions of 1:50 and 1:40 are used. This means that one part of oil is added to 50 or 40 parts of gasoline. Calculations are made as follows: 1 l = 1000 ml, 1000/50 = 20 ml or 1000/40 = 25 ml, that is, in the first case, pour 20 ml into each liter of gasoline, and in the second, 25 ml of oil. If there are no instructions and you do not know the proportions for preparing the mixture, then use the following recommendations:

• Tool and oil of the same brand. For example, for a Stihl chainsaw, the ratio of gasoline to Stihl oil will be the same as indicated on the oil container, usually 1:50.
• The substances used for the mixture have different brands; the proportion chosen is 1:40.
• There is only one brand, but there is no information on the ratio of substances on the oil - it is diluted 1:40.
• In the absence of any information about saw and oil, dilute the mixture in a ratio of 1:40. The only thing you need to make sure is that the oil is intended for two-stroke engines.

To run in a new saw, add 20% more oil during the first three fills of the fuel tank. In this case, instead of the ratio 1:50 it will be 1:42, and the ratio 1:40 becomes 1:33. A liter of gasoline will require 24 or 33 ml of oil, respectively. No other break-in activities are carried out with the new saw. Manufacturers advise working only at the highest speeds at all times. After running in the tool, use the usual proportions of 1:50 or 1:40. In some cases, the equipment manufacturer specifies other ratios, for example, 1:25 or 1:32, they must be observed.

Refueling a chainsaw

Usually, domestic manufacturers write in the annotation that gasoline must have an octane number of more than 90. As for the proportion of oil and gasoline, then, in addition, you need to look at the annotation. For some people it was 1 in 30, for others. 1 to 40, and, for example, for a Husqvarna chainsaw 1 to 50.

Dilute 50 ml of oil for two-stroke internal combustion engines per liter of gasoline. you can't go wrong. It is better to use gasoline grades AI 93 or AI 95. And the exact proportion and grade of gasoline that is desirable is indicated in the passport attached to the product

Take the annotation for the lawn mower, usually this is the book with which you bought the lawn mower. It will certainly indicate what the requirements for gasoline are. Typically a charge ratio of 1:40 is required, although 1:30 is likely. In other words, 1 part oil and 40 parts gasoline. The ratio is also indicated on the oil packages. We buy 92 gasoline, mix it with oil in a separate canister, and then fill the lawn mower and chainsaw with this mixture.

In most cases, for two-stroke engines in gasoline mowers, AI-92 gasoline is used, and the ratio of oil to gasoline is 1:40. If you don’t know, you can try 1k30. And then see how the braid behaves and adjust it in one direction or another.

Petrol mowers usually use a 2-stroke engine. Accordingly, you need to use the fuel mixture, when the 2-stroke engine is running. Because the engine does not have a set of lubrication accounting programs, oil is added to the fuel. If oil is not added to the fuel, the engine will fail in a short time due to the fact that the rubbing parts run dry and overheat. First, the piston, piston rings and cylinder suffer. In recent years, all domestic manufacturers have advised using gasoline with an octane rating of at least 92 with oil for 2-stroke engines in a ratio of 40:1. If the engine is new or refurbished, then there is an option to add a little oil, not just for a temporary break-in (25:1). Always, if the manufacturer's advice is unknown, it is better to look at the label of the can of oil. If there is a question about changing the proportion, then it is better to give oils than just. With all this, the risk of engine failure will be minimal.

What kind of gasoline should I put in my chainsaw?

According to experts, you should use unleaded gasoline obtained by adding lead-free additives, the octane number of which exceeds 90. For foreign models, it is necessary to fill in higher grades of gasoline and use branded oils from tool manufacturers. AI-92 grade fuel is considered perfect. How to dilute gasoline for a Shtil 180 chainsaw? In this case, the oil content in the mixture is assumed to be 1:40. AI-95 fuel is also quite suitable for it, but according to professionals it is better not to use it for chainsaws.

The fact is that it is made on the basis of AI-92 using certain additives that change the quality of the fuel. These components are deposited on the internal parts of the instrument and when a critical mass is reached, they begin to peel off, disrupting the operation of the mechanism. The best option is to follow the instructions that come with the selected model. It is recommended to use fresh gasoline, because octane properties are lost during long-term storage in containers.

Why should you mix gasoline and oil?

Not everyone knows how to dilute gasoline for a two-stroke Chinese scooter, and why there is a need to mix gasoline and oil in strictly defined proportions. The fact is that the design features and operating principle of a two-stroke engine do not allow the use of pure gasoline for its operation. Thanks to the oil introduced into the fuel mixture, lubrication is provided and friction in the crank mechanism is reduced.

Mixing oil with gasoline when preparing the fuel mixture is a prerequisite for the normal operation of two-stroke engines.

Diluting gasoline with oil allows you to:

• increase the service life of the power plant;
• ensure effective lubrication of rubbing parts;
• avoid jamming of engine parts due to overheating;
• prevent possible damage during engine operation.

In addition, the use of gasoline mixed with oil in the required percentage allows you to avoid the occurrence of scuffing, which is the reason for repairs. A lack of oil can cause overheating of the elements of the cylinder-piston group and failure of the two-stroke engine.

An increased oil concentration will cause increased wear on the engine due to the formation of a thick layer of carbon deposits. That is why it is important to determine the proportion using the table, which indicates the required amount of oil for different volumes of gasoline.

The reason for the formation of carbon deposits in the working chamber is the use of low-quality oil.

Chainsaw "Calm": what oil to use for gasoline?

A number of manufacturers producing equipment also produce their own consumables, which are adapted to the operation of a specific engine. Likewise, the Stihl company produces oil exclusively for its equipment. It is equipped with special additives that can compensate for the quality of the fuel, improving lubrication and cleaning of the fuel mixture. It should be noted that Husqvarna HP oil is universal and can be used for any chainsaw. It can be used at temperatures not lower than -10 degrees.

The following brands are also used for two-stroke engines: Sadko, Kraissmann, Oleo-mac Prosint. If you use a Shtil chainsaw, how much oil should you add per liter of gasoline? The ratio will be 25 ml of additive per liter of fuel. We must remember that there are oils for chains and motors. They are intended for different purposes and are not interchangeable. Using chain oil to prepare a fuel and lubricant mixture leads to tool failure.

What oil to dilute gasoline for a motorcycle

Two-stroke engines do not provide for separate filling of lubricant into the engine crankcase.

Strict requirements are imposed on the oil that burns together with the fuel:

• the lubricating fluid must provide effective lubrication of all parts;
• The oil should burn easily and not form carbon deposits after burning.

The use of low-quality oil for two-stroke engines causes the formation of carbon deposits in the working chamber and a decrease in power.

When deciding on the type of oil, you should follow the recommendations of the equipment manufacturer specified in the operating manual. Preference should be given to branded oils produced by well-known manufacturers. The preferred oil class is API-TB. It is also possible to use oil marked API-TC.

The type of lubricant is selected depending on climatic conditions:

• in the warm season, gasoline can be diluted with mineral oil;
• in the winter months you should give preference to synthetic oils;
• For all-season use, branded semi-synthetics are suitable.

You should follow the recommendations of the equipment manufacturer when deciding on the type of oil.

To obtain detailed information about the temperature threshold for use, you should read the information on the oil packaging. Knowing the ratio of fuel and oil required for stable engine operation, as well as the volume of the gas tank, you can easily calculate how much oil is required for a certain period, taking into account the frequency of trips or use of gas-powered tools.

When buying oil for preparing the fuel mixture, you should pay attention to its purpose. This information is indicated on the packaging. Do not use tractor oil or boat lubricant to mix with gasoline to fuel a scooter or motorcycle. Please note that on the branded label of oil for two-stroke engines it must be designated 2T.

What brand of motor oil should I use?

For each model, the manufacturer recommends a list of materials that must be used. It is better for the user to adhere to these recommendations, because tool failure due to inappropriate fuel and lubricant is not covered by the warranty. In this case, the owner himself pays for the repair of the chainsaw, which can amount to up to 80% of its cost. When you cannot follow the manufacturer's recommendations, try to follow these rules:

• Use oil only intended for two-stroke engines.
• Do not use after expiration date.
• Do not add used oil with large amounts of impurities to gasoline, as this can damage the tool mechanisms.
• Chain lubricant cannot be used for fuel mixture.
• It is preferable to use synthetic and semi-synthetic oils, which are more expensive than mineral oils, but do not form harmful deposits.

How to prepare the mixture?

In order for the equipment to serve for a long time and cope with its functions properly, you need to know exactly how much oil to add to the gasoline for the Shtil chainsaw. Previously, we found out that it is better to use a lubricant from the manufacturer Stihl and unleaded gasoline AI92 or AI95 as components. Leaded fuels negatively affect the operation of the unit and cause it to fail. With such components for the mixture, add 20 ml of oil to a liter of gasoline. Any violation of the proportions leads to the appearance of carbon deposits on the spark plugs and pistons, as well as the formation of scuffing. The oils used can be green, blue or red.

Their presence is easily determined by the color of the mixture. To dilute fuel, often included with equipment, a special canister is included. These containers are marked with measuring marks and have two holes. The user just has to fill the tank with the components of the mixture to the required levels, close the lids and mix. Some people use plastic bottles and syringes for measuring oil for these purposes. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that foreign particles or water do not get into the container, all of which will worsen engine performance.

Preparing the mixture

Many novice users are sure that if you add more oil to the gasoline for the fuel mixture than necessary, it will be beneficial. This is wrong. Unburned oil will not be removed from the engine with exhaust gases, but will settle inside in the form of carbon deposits. This deposit threatens the integrity of the piston. If you use a mixture with excess oil regularly, the trimmer will smoke a lot, and a drop in power is inevitable.

If there is not enough oil, the trimmer will overheat, the piston rings will collapse and the piston will jam. If the oil deficiency is insignificant, then the trimmer will work for 30 - 40% less service life. If there is a lack of lubrication of more than 20%, the motor will jam after 20 - 30 minutes of intensive work. Each trimmer instruction contains proportions on how to dilute the fuel mixture. Usually it's 1:25. 1:40 or 1:50. In practice it looks like this:

• 1:25 - 40 milliliters of oil per 1 liter of gasoline;
• 1:40 - 25 milliliters of oil per 1 liter of gasoline;
• 1: 50 - 20 milliliters of oil per 1 liter of gasoline.

Using the table, you can determine how much oil to pour into a certain volume of clean fuel:

What happens if you don't follow the manufacturer's recommendations?

If the rules for preparing fuel and lubricant mixtures are violated and the proportions are not observed when adding oil to gasoline with the Shtil 180 chainsaw, the following problems arise:

• With increasing friction, the wear of the working surfaces of parts will increase.
• Due to insufficient lubricant, the bearings will begin to fail.
• The full functioning of mechanical components is disrupted due to premature wear of parts, and their service life is significantly reduced.
• When using low-grade gasoline and oils, the performance of the unit decreases with subsequent breakdown of important components and parts.

The fuel is prepared before refueling the saw, avoiding unnecessary contact with oxygen. After finishing the work, the remaining mixture must be drained.

Shelf life of the finished fuel mixture

Motorists know that it is not worth storing gasoline for a long time, and the finished fuel mixture deteriorates even faster. You need to mix the required proportions of oil and gasoline for the Shtil chainsaw before starting work. Manufacturers allow storage of finished fuel for up to one month, and experts recommend reducing this period to 10 days. Immediately after mixing, the solution begins to lose its original properties and over time it becomes completely different from the quality it was prepared. Learn to prepare enough fuel for your saw so that you can use it up in one go. This comes with experience. The mixture should be stored in a gasoline-resistant, opaque, tightly closed container. Any plastic or metal canisters for flammable materials are suitable for this. They also use an oil container or dark glass container.

How much oil to pour into gasoline - rules for preparing the mixture

Having figured out how much oil to pour into gasoline, you can start preparing the fuel mixture. To do this, you will need a clean metal or plastic canister. First, the required amount of gasoline is poured, and then lubricating fluid is added in the required volume. After completing the dilution, tilt the canister a couple of times.

As a result of repeated shaking, the liquids are mixed, and the prepared fuel acquires a uniform color. Depending on the color of the oil added, the finished liquid may be greenish, bluish or reddish.

When performing work, safety precautions and fire regulations must be observed. Mixing work must be carried out in a ventilated area, or even better, in outdoor conditions. Smoking is not allowed when working with flammable liquids. Mixing must be done with gloves to protect the skin from contact with aggressive liquids.

The fuel container is filled with the prepared mixture and the gas tank cap is tightly closed. Gasoline mixed with oil can be stored in tightly closed cans. Gasoline mixed with oil retains its properties for a month.

That is why mixing should be done immediately before pouring, taking into account the frequency of use of the scooter or motorcycle.

Choosing chain oil

In addition to the motor, for which we have already figured out all the proportions of oil and gasoline for the Shtil chainsaw, there is another important part, consisting of many moving links - the chain. To lubricate it, they use not motor oil, but chain oil. It has completely different properties and is cheaper.

For new tools, use only the manufacturer’s oils, which are recommended in the instructions. Otherwise, if the saw breaks down, it will be removed from warranty service due to non-compliance with operating conditions. It should be noted that the oils from the manufacturer are of really high quality. After the warranty period expires, you can use any engine oil, changing it twice a year.

How to dilute chainsaw oil - expert advice

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In this publication we will explain in detail how to properly dilute oil for a chainsaw, trimmer or any two-stroke engine. What oil is best to dilute gasoline with, what proportion to maintain, and also what the wrong dosage can lead to - you will find out the answers to all these questions here.

Oil, or additive as it is also called, is the most important component of the fuel mixture for a chainsaw. During the operation of the two-stroke mechanism, oil molecules settle on the internal combustion engine (cylinder walls, crankshaft, connecting rod) and create a sliding protective film. Thus, the physical contact of rubbing parts is significantly reduced.

Many users simply forget in what proportion it is necessary to dilute oil with gasoline for a modern chainsaw or trimmer. There is nothing shameful here, because most people ask this question literally several times a year. This information can be easily found in the instructions for the equipment, but it’s not so simple. For example, Chinese manufacturers often confuse us and write a ratio of 1:20 or 1:25 in the passport. This proportion is dangerous for the mechanism, which we will talk about a little further.

Correct proportion:

for our conditions (existing brand of oil on the market and quality of gasoline) it is only
1:50 (rarely 1:40)
. In other words, 1 gram of oil per 50 ml of gasoline.

amount of AI-92 gasoline, l	quantity of 2T oil, ml
	proportion 1:50	proportion 1:40
0,5	10 ml	12.5 ml
1	20 ml	25 ml
1,5	30 ml	37.5 ml
2	40 ml	50 ml
5	100 ml	125 ml
10	200 ml	250 ml

AI-92 gasoline is used

. No 95, which in fact is the same 92, only with a bunch of additives that are extremely harmful for a two-stroke engine (since these additives dampen the proper detonation of the mechanism).

Important: In some cases, it is possible to add a little more two-stroke oil than usual (not 20 grams per liter, but 22-25 grams). For example, during running-in of a chainsaw after repairing the piston group or in the case of using cheap Chinese oil.

It's no secret that every chainsaw manufacturer recommends using a two-stroke additive of its own production. But not everything is so simple here. If you buy an inexpensive Chinese chainsaw, then of course it would not be a bad idea to dilute it with oil from famous, trusted brands. So which oil is best to dilute gasoline with? — there is no one correct answer and this is influenced by a number of factors:

• During warranty
  . Most reputable manufacturers recommend using only their own oil. In the event of a warranty claim, if the service discovers that you have refilled with a different brand of oil, it has every right to refuse free service.
• Proven brands
  . Stihl, Echo, Husqvarna are well-known and trusted brands. This is the best thing on the market. Using branded two-stroke oil, you don’t have to worry about your equipment at all.
• Cheap oil (Russian or Chinese)
  . These are Champion, Rezer, Krotof, Patriot and many others. It is quite possible to use it, in some cases by slightly increasing the proportion of oil in the mixture. You should carefully consider your choice - read reviews, ask people. For example, our service was not at all impressed with Gazprom two-stroke oil - already 2-3 days after dilution with gasoline, it begins to lose its properties.
• Beware of counterfeits
  . Mostly Stihl oil is counterfeited. Similar options can be found at collective farm markets or among gypsies. Try to buy 2T oil in specialized stores from official dealers.
• No 2-stroke boat engine oil
  . It is not suitable for chainsaws and trimmers, because... designed for a water-cooled system, not an air-cooled one.

Only seasoned users who can accurately determine the proportion with an experienced eye can dilute two-stroke oil with gasoline “by eye.” But even they are often mistaken in this case. Here are several options for correct and quick adjustment of the gasoline mixture:

• A syringe and a small container
  are important for those who rarely use a chainsaw or trimmer. It is better to buy a 20 cc syringe, available at any pharmacy.
• Factory packaging with a dispenser
  costs a little more than a regular bottle, but is very convenient.
• A special canister
  - this is loved by professionals who saw all day long and most likely with more than one chainsaw.
• Single-use packaging
  includes bottles and sachets of 20, 50 or 100 grams. Compared to a large bottle, it’s not very profitable, but some people don’t want to bother with measuring the proportion.

Be careful when mixing gasoline and oil. These are flammable substances, and in the wrong hands they pose a danger to health and even life. Follow safety precautions! The mixing process itself is quite simple and primitive:

1. Find a clean container, preferably dark in color (food grade plastic is not suitable).
2. First, fill in AI-92 gasoline
3. Then add the adjusted dose of two-stroke oil.
4. Shake everything thoroughly - this is important (including after the already diluted mixture has been left idle for some time).

As a rule, the shelf life of two-stroke oil is at least 3 years. This applies specifically to pure oil (additive), provided that the packaging (bottle) is completely sealed. An already diluted mixture of oil and gasoline is a completely different matter. Many people mix it at once for the whole summer, for a year, etc. This is a very serious mistake!

The recommended shelf of diluted gasoline with oil is 2 weeks

. If you use inexpensive Chinese or Russian oil, it is better to reduce this period to one week. For example, even expensive high-quality Stihl synthetic oil retains its properties by 80% after 3 weeks of storage. There is no need to talk about other brands.

So why can’t you dilute oil with gasoline “in reserve”

.

Firstly, gasoline loses octane number over time. Secondly, the oil in gasoline gradually loses its properties. The additives in it dissolve in an aggressive environment and as a result, only the color remains. The consequences here are sad - engine overheating and expensive engine repairs (CPG).

Bottom line: dilute as much gasoline mixture as you plan to use, based on the intended amount of work. If there is old surplus left, it should be disposed of, even the one that remains in the tank of the chainsaw or gas trimmer.

Oil is added to gasoline to reduce the friction force of the mechanism, we already talked about this at the beginning of the article. Therefore, an incorrectly diluted or expired gasoline mixture will certainly result in dire consequences.

If you do not add enough two-stroke oil.

The engine will run without proper lubrication and will quickly overheat. This leads to scuffing/deformation of piston group parts. Chinese technology is especially susceptible to this. Often, repairing a piston engine is not economically feasible and stupid oil savings are the usual “death” of a chainsaw.

Symptom:
Mainly, the unit starts to heat up faster than usual. Vibration may occur, increasing as the speed increases. In some cases, the chainsaw or trimmer simply will not start - but this is even good, since you will have time to correct the critical error.

If you overfill two-stroke oil.

An excess of oil in the fuel mixture is just as harmful as an insufficient amount. The expression “you can’t spoil the oil filling” is completely inappropriate here. This only does not appear immediately, but after some time. To put it quite simply: during engine operation, the excess amount of additives simply does not burn out and is gradually deposited on the walls of the CPG. What does this lead to:

• The formation of carbon deposits on the walls of the cylinder/piston - it cokes and falls out - scuffs form on the piston. The engine will need major repairs.
• Excess fuel can spit out onto the air filter - cleaning the system and buying a new filter will save you.
• The muffler becomes clogged - the exhaust gases simply have nowhere to go and the chainsaw or trimmer literally begins to choke under load. Plus, coked scale from the muffler can fly into the cylinder - again, piston repair.
• Soot accumulates on the candle, it turns black and becomes unusable.

Sign:
Everything is quite simple here. If you add too much two-stroke oil to gasoline, the chainsaw or trimmer will literally smoke/smoke when operating. Moreover, the more it is poured, the more smoke there will be.

In order to answer this question, you need to understand the two main types of oil. Based on its basis, two-stroke oil is divided into mineral and synthetic.

Mineral

2T chainsaw or trimmer oil is more common (as it is cheaper) and is usually red in color. There are also blue and even yellow colors. You can mix them, nothing critical will happen, but it is precisely in the situation “there is red gasoline left in the tank, but you need to fill up blue.”

Synthetic

two-stroke chainsaw oil (usually green) has a high cleaning effect and burns out much more efficiently during engine operation. Plus, its lubricating properties are better. Simply put, it is better than mineral, but also costs more.

Semi-synthetics

This is a mixture of the above
.
We will not focus on this type of two-stroke oil (usually blue), since it should be treated the same as the synthetic version.

Here's how not to stir two-stroke oil:

• You cannot use synthetic oil after mineral oil. Mineral oil still leaves a small deposit in the CPG over time, which will begin to be actively “washed away” by synthetics. All the dirt will start flying into the piston and scratch it. The result is expensive and complex repairs. But after synthetics, it’s quite possible to switch to mineral water.
• If you want to mix mineral oil of different colors in liters/canisters, this is not recommended. This also applies to mixing synthetic additives with each other.

A properly diluted gasoline mixture for a chainsaw (trimmer) is the most important factor in its safety and stable operation. The most important thing to understand from this article is to maintain a clear proportion of oil and gasoline. The two-stroke mechanism is harmed by both its excess and its deficiency in the gasoline mixture. Yes, some error is acceptable, but only very small.

Pay special attention to the brand of oil; it is better to choose a branded one, even if it is expensive. This is not a case where you can save money. Agree that piston repairs will cost an order of magnitude more.

Follow safety precautions and have a good job!

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